KONTRIBUSI SATWA LIAR TERHADAP PENYEDIAAN JASA EKOSISTEM: SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR

Abstract

Wildlife is increasingly recognized as a key provider of ecosystem services, yet its multiple contributions are often scattered across disciplinary literature and rarely synthesized in an integrated manner. This study aims to review and synthesize scientific evidence on the role of wildlife in supporting provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural ecosystem services, as well as the management implications arising from human–wildlife interactions. A narrative literature review method was used, involving the systematic search and thematic analysis of nineteen peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2018 and 2026, sourced from Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. The results show that wildlife species, ranging from birds and ungulates to vultures and small mammals, contribute substantially to pest control, pollination, seed dispersal, scavenging, nutrient cycling, recreational hunting, ecotourism, and cultural identity. However, the same species can also generate ecosystem disservices, such as crop damage and predation losses, creating trade-offs that complicate conservation communication and policy design. Economic valuation studies further reveal that the monetary value of wildlife-derived services is frequently underestimated in land-use planning. This review concludes that an ecosystem services framework offers a useful and communicable approach to balance conservation goals with the economic and social needs of local communities, and recommends that future management strategies integrate landscape connectivity, payment for ecosystem services schemes, and participatory human–wildlife coexistence approaches.